Relational Database Fundamental
-Information is everywhere in an organization
-Information is stored in databases
-Database: maintains information about various types
of objects(inventory), events(transactions), people(employees), and
places(warehouse)
-Database models include:
l Hierarchical database model-
information is organized into a tree-like structure (using parent/child
relationship)in such a way that it cannot have too many relationship
l Relational database model- stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables
v Entities and Attributes
l Entities- a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored
Keys and Relationships
-Primary keys and foreign keys identify the various entity classes (tables) in the database
l Primary key- a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table
l Foreign key-
a primary key of one table that appears an attribute in amother table
and acts to provide a logical relationship among the tablesRelational Database Advantages
-Database advantages from a business perspective include
i. Increased flexibility- A well-designed database should:
*Handle changes quickly and easily
*Provide users with different views
*Have only one physical view
-physical view: deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device. Eg : hard disk
-Logical view: focuses on how users logically access information
ii. Increased
Scalability and Performance- A database must scale to meet increased
demand, while maintaining acceptable performance levels
-Scalability- refers to how well a system can adapt to increased demands
-Performance- measures how quickly a system performs a certain process or transaction
Database Management Systems (DBMS)
- software through which users and application programs interact with a database
BI in a data-driven website
INTEGRATING INFORMATION AMONG MULTIPLE DATABASES
· Integration – allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other
· Forward
integration – takes information entered into a given system and sends
it automatically to all downstream systems and processes
· Backward
integration – takes information entered into a given system and sends
it automatically to all upstream systems and processes
INTEGRATING INFORMATION AMONG MULTIPLE DATABASES
Forward integration and backward integration
INTEGRATING INFORMATION AMONG MULTIPLE DATABASES
Building a central repository specifically for integrated information
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