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Organizational Structures Organizational employees must work closely together to develop strategic initiatives that create competitive advantages. Ethics and security are two fundamental building blocks that organizations must base their businesses upon. Well designed organizational structures will produce efficient communication channels and encourage fast, clean decisions. To develop strategic initiatives that create competitive advantages organizational employees must work closely together. IT Roles and Responsibilities a. Chief Information Officer  (CIO) – oversees all uses of IT and ensures the strategic alignment of IT with business goals and objectives ·  Broad CIO functions ; ·  Manager  – ensuring the delivery of all IT projects, on time and within budget. ·  Leader  – ensuring the strategic vision of IT is in line with the strategic vision of     the organization. ·  Communicator  – building and maintaining strong executive relationships. b. Chief Technology

Measuring Information Technology’s  Success It has become an important part of organizations’ strategy, competitive advantage, and profitability. Key Performance Indicators   (KPI)  - the measure that are tied to business drivers. Metrics are the detailed measures that feed those KPI. Efficiency And Effectiveness Efficiency IT metrics measure the performance of the IT system itself including throughput, speed, and availability. Effectiveness IT metrics measure the impact IT has on business process and activities including customer satisfaction, conversation rates, and self-through increase. Effectiveness focuses on how well an organization is achieving its goals and objectives. Efficiency focuses on the extent to which an organization is using its resources in an optimal way. Benchmarking – Baseline Metrics Benchmarking is a process of continuously measuring system results, comparing those results to optimal system performance (benchmark values), and identif

 Organizations can undertake high-profile strategic initiatives including Supply Chain Management (SCM) Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Business Process Reengineering (BPR) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Supply Chain Management  -  involves the management of information flows between and among stages in a supply chain to maximize total supply chain effectiveness and profitability Four basic components of supply chain management include : Supply chain strategy - strategy for managing all the resources required to meet customer demand for all products and services Supply chain partners - the partners chosen to deliver finished products, raw materials, and services including pricing, delivery, and payment processes along with partner relationship monitoring metrics Supply chain operation - the schedule for production activities including testing, packaging, and preparation for delivery. Measurements for this component include productivity and qualit

IDENTIFYING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES To survive and thrive  an organization must create a competitive advantage competitive advantage  -   a product or service that an organization's customers place a greater value on than similar offerings from a competitors First-mover advantages  -    occurs when an organization can significantly Impact its market share by being first to market with a competitive advantage Example : Air-asia are the ticket low cost Organization watch their competition through environment scanning Environment scanning -    the acquisition and analysis of event and trends in the environment   external to an organization Three common tools used in industry to analyze and develop and competitive advantages include Porter’s  Five Forces Model Porter’s three generic strategies Value chains    PORTER'S FIVE FORCES MODEL BUYER POWER  high - when buyers have many choices of whom to buy from   low - when their choices are fe